Social exclusion refers to the systematic process in which certain individuals or groups in society are marginalized and prevented from fully participating in society. This exclusion can occur through economic, political, or social mechanisms, leading to limited access to resources, opportunities, and rights. Social exclusion can result in individuals or groups experiencing poverty, discrimination, isolation, and a lack of social support. Research in this area aims to understand the causes and consequences of social exclusion, as well as develop strategies and policies to address and reduce its impact on individuals and communities.